Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2020 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 5 Articles
Cooperative music making in networked environments has been subject of extensive research, scientific and artistic. Networked\nmusic performance (NMP) is attracting renewed interest thanks to the growing availability of effective technology and\ntools for computer-based communications, especially in the area of distance and blended learning applications. We propose a\nconceptual framework for NMP research and design in the context of classical chamber music practice and learning: presencerelated\nconstructs and objective quality metrics are used to problematize and systematize the many factors affecting the\nexperience of studying and practicing music in a networked environment. To this end, a preliminary NMP experiment on the\neffect of latency on chamber music duos experience and quality of the performance is introduced. The degree of involvement,\nperceived coherence, and immersion of the NMP environment are here combined with measures on the networked performance,\nincluding tempo trends and misalignments from the shared score. Early results on the impact of temporal factors on\nNMP musical interaction are outlined, and their methodological implications for the design of pedagogical applications\nare discussed....
Room acoustics play an important role in the intelligibility of speech. The\nmain aspect of acoustics that is usually studied is the duration of the reverberation\ndecay, since a long decay causes a blurring of phonemes. However,\nother parameters of the acoustics such as the strength of the reverberation\ncan actually improve intelligibility. These factors do not receive the same attention.\nIn many common practical situations such as classrooms and residential\nrooms, it would be of value to quantitatively study the acoustics to optimize\nthe roomâ??s function, but this is not done routinely due to the expected\nexpense or difficulty involved. This research explores inexpensive first-principle\nmethods to quantitatively measure three key parameters of a roomâ??s acoustics:\nthe reverberation decay time RT60, the reverberant intensity IR, and the\nroomâ??s total absorption A. The required equipment includes two laptops installed\nwith certain free softwares. Generation of the required noise signal and\nlevel detection are carried out using the REW software, and long-duration\nrecordings are carried out using the Audacity software. The procedures are\nsimple enough to be performed without specialized training and do not require\nspecialized equipment, only commonly available household resources.\nThis research also sheds light on the fact that not all reverberation is bad and\nthat strong but short-duration reverberation can enhance communication.\nThis information can be expected to benefit schools and other venues where\nspeech intelligibility is vital....
Communication in humans activates almost every part of the brain. Of course, the use of language predominates, but other\ncognitive functions such as attention, memory, emotion, and executive processes are also involved. However, in order to explain\nhow our brain â??understands,â? â??speaks,â? and â??writes,â? and in order to rehabilitate aphasic disorders, neuroscience has faced the\nchallenge for years to reveal the responsible neural networks. Broca and Wernicke (and Lichtheim and many others), during the\n19th century, when brain research was mainly observational and autopsy driven, offered fundamental knowledge about the\nbrain and language, so the Wernicke-Geschwind model appeared and aphasiology during the 20th century was based on it. This\nmodel is still useful for a first approach into the classical categorization of aphasic syndromes, but it is outdated, because it does\nnot adequately describe the neural networks relevant for language, and it offers a modular perspective, focusing mainly on\ncortical structures. During the last three decades, neuroscience conquered new imaging, recording, and manipulation techniques\nfor brain research, and a new model of the functional neuroanatomy of language was developed, the dual stream model,\nconsisting of two interacting networks (â??streamsâ?), one ventral, bilaterally organized, for language comprehension, and one\ndorsal, left hemisphere dominant, for production. This new model also has its limitations but helps us to understand, among\nothers, why patients with different brain lesions can have similar language impairments. Furthermore, interesting aspects arise\nfrom studying language functions in aging brains (and also in young, developing brains) and in cognitively impaired patients\nand neuromodulation effects on reorganization of brain networks subserving language. In this selective review, we discuss\nmethods for coupling new knowledge regarding the functional reorganization of the brain with sophisticated techniques capable\nof activating the available supportive networks in order to provide improved neurorehabilitation strategies for people suffering\nfrom neurogenic communication disorders....
Audio analysis over an Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) is of interest it is an essential\nstep for on-board sound source localization and separation. This could be useful for search & rescue\noperations, as well as for detection of unauthorized drone operations. In this paper, an analysis of the\npreviously introduced Acoustic Interactions for Robot Audition (AIRA)-UAS corpus is presented,\nwhich is a set of recordings produced by the ego-noise of a drone performing different aerial\nmaneuvers and by other drones flying nearby. It was found that the recordings have a very low\nSignal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), that the noise is dynamic depending of the droneâ??s movements, and\nthat their noise signatures are highly correlated. Three popular filtering techniques were evaluated\nin this work in terms of noise reduction and signature extraction, which are: Beroutiâ??s Non-Linear\nNoise Subtraction, Adaptive Quantile Based Noise Estimation, and Improved Minima Controlled\nRecursive Averaging. Although there was moderate success in noise reduction, no filter was able to\nkeep intact the signature of the drone flying in parallel. These results are evidence of the challenge in\naudio processing over drones, implying that this is a field prime for further research....
Music, as a meaningful form, is a unique art created by human beings in order\nto realize the expression and communication of their inner life. Music\nanalysis is a process of excavating, interpreting and understanding the potential\nmeaning of creation. Combining the core concepts of symbolic theory\nwith music text analysis, the symbolic narrative of music can be understood\nfrom the signifier and signified dimensions, thus presenting a new way and\ntrend of meaning interpretation for music analysis and teaching concepts....
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